Can you use a calling card to dial from a phone with no service/contract?
It’s an old car phone with no Bluetooth. It has a number but no derive provider. There is an option to use a calling card but I don’t know if that will work.

No.

In order to use a calling card, you need to be able to dial the card service’s 800 number, then enter a PIN.

Inactive cellular phones will only allow you to dial 911 (They’re required to in the case of an emergency)

You say the phone has a number, but no service provider. This is not possible as the phone numbers are not assigned to the equipment, but the providers who service the equipment. Up until a few years ago, you could not keep your number when you switched providers. Even if you used the same phone.

You could always get a pre-paid cellphone (Like Trac-fone) and only charge it for the time you need it. Several are available at convenience stores and electronics retailers.

Prepaid Phone Card Rates
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